QUESTION NO: 1
What is the phenomenon called where different wavelengths of light travel at different speeds?
A. attenuation
B. OSNR
C. dispersion
D. light skew
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 2
Why are the 1300 nm and 1550 nm regions of the fiber spectrum primarily used for optical communications?
A. They are both regions of lowest loss.
B. They are both regions of low index of refraction.
C. They are both regions of low chromatic dispersion.
D. They are both regions of low reflections.
E. They are both regions of low Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD).
Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 3
For lasers with tightly controlled wavelengths, approximately how far apart are the centers of adjacent wavelengths when 100 GHz spacing is used in a DWDM system?
A. 0.8 nanometers
B. 1.6 nanometers
C. 0.4 nanometers
D. 1.2 nanometers
E. 0.6 nanometers
Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 4
Which device creates an OEO conversion?
A. fiber-optic cable

B. regenerator
C. optical receiver
D. optical switch
E. attenuator
F. amplifier
G. light emitter
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 5
If node 2 is accepting line timing from node 1, node 2 will send _____ to node 1 as its SSM messge.
A. SMC
B. AMI
C. ESF
D. PRS
E. DUS
F. B8ZS
Answer: E
QUESTION NO: 6
Click the Exhibit button. Which type of multiplexer is shown in the exhibit?

A. Erbium fiber amplifier
B. Arrayed Wave Guide
C. Fiber Bragg Grating

D. Thin Film filter
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 7
You are provisioning an E-1 circuit on an ONS 15454 SNCP configuration and XC-VXL-10G card. How many total ports are used within the Low-Order matrix at the source node?
A. 1
B. 5
C. 3
D. 0
E. 2
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 8
Click the Exhibit button. In the DCN connection shown in the exhibit, all non-GNE nodes are located on different subnets from the GNE. There are no static routes or external OSPF on any elements. ??CTC workstation and GNE have Router as its default gateway. Can the CTC workstation see the entire SDH network?

A. Yes, but only if the router's address is entered as a static route in the non-GNE elements.
B. Yes, because the GNE will serve as a proxy-ARP for all elements, regardless of their subnets.

C. Yes, but only if the CTC's network address is a static route in the GNE.
D. Yes, because the GNE will only serve as a proxy-ARP for elements on the same subnet.
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 9
With R4.0, how many total DCC-R tunnel connections can each ONS 15454 support using the TCC+ card?
A. 64
B. 96
C. 32
D. 84
E. 10
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 10
The ONS 15216 is a 32-channel system. The ONS 15216 OADMs are capable of adding and dropping one, two, or four channels. How are the OADMs provisioned to add and drop specific channels?
A. The ONS 15216 OADM consists only of a single-channel module. Two-channel and four-channel support is available by stacking the single-channel module.
B. The ONS 15216 OADM consists only of a four-channel module, and the number of ports utilized determines whether it is a one, two, or four channel OADM.
C. Three separate OADM modules are available for one, two, and four channels. The wavelengths to be dropped and added are programmable via Cisco Transport Manager (CTM).
D. The ONS 15216 OADM can be provisioned to add/drop one, two, or four channels via Cisco Transport Manager (CTM).
E. The ONS 15216 OADM is available in one, two, four channels. There are 32 single-channel OADM modules, 16 two-channel OADM modules, and 8 four-channel OADM modules.
Answer: E QUESTION NO: 11 DRAG DROP


Click the Task button. Match the appropriate term to each formula.

Answer: QUESTION NO: 12



Which three timing modes are supported on the ONS 15454 shelf? (Choose three.)
A. internal timing
B. external timing
C. through timing
D. loop timing
E. line timing
Answer: A,B,E
QUESTION NO: 13
If the power is 0 dBm, what is the power in mW?
A. 0mW
B. 1.5mW
C. 10mW
D. 1mW

Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 14
A customer would like to create a 1:1 protection group with a DS3Ni-12 card. Where should it be placed in the chassis?
A. high-speed slots only (5/6 and 12/13)
B. only Slots 3 or 15
C. only Slots 6 or 12
D. directly adjacent to the working card
E. high or low speed slots
Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 15
What are three factors that limit the maximum distance of an amplified optical signal without regeneration? (Choose three.)
A. amplifier bandwidth

B. transmitter power
C. fiber dispersion
D. signal attenuation
E. receiver dispersion tolerance
Answer: C,D,E
QUESTION NO: 16
You are provisioning an E-1 circuit on an ONS 15454 MS-SPRing configuration and XC-VXL-10G card. Each VC-12 connection must also terminate via the VC-3 matrix. How many VC-3 ports remain after this circuit is created, assuming no other circuits?
A. 94
B. 96
C. 95
D. 93
E. 92

Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 17
A 2.5 Gb/s (OC-48 or STM-16) optical signal with a dispersion tolerance of 1200 ps/nm goes through fiber with 18ps/nm*km of dispersion. How many 15216-DCU-350 equivalents are needed for enough compensation after traveling 100 km?
A. none
B. four
C. one
D. three
E. two
Answer: E

QUESTION NO: 18
On an ONS 15454 node you can tunnel a(n) _____.
A. SDH circuit over a SONET network delivering it as a SONET signal
B. SONET circuit over an SDH network delivering it as a SONET signal

C. SDH circuit over a SONET network delivering it as an SDH signal
D. SONET circuit over an SDH network delivering it as an SDH signal
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 19
In the OSNR model for EDFA amplifiers, SNR OUT = 1/(1/SNR IN + FhvB/P IN ), what does SNR IN represent?
A. the signal to noise introduced by the optical multiplexer
B. the signal to noise of the previous amplifier or source
C. the signal to noise of the current optical amplifier
D. the accumulated noise to signal ratio of the optical channel
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 20
Why is an STM-1 2F-MS-SPRing NOT feasible?
A. An equal amount of working and protect bandwidth is required.
B. DCC bandwidth is not large enough to handle K1/K2 processing.
C. Switch times would exceed 50 ms for an STM-1 MS-SPRing ring.
D. There is not enough bandwidth in an STM-1 ring to justify MS-SPRing protection.
Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 21
Which three technologies are used to reduce chromatic dispersion accumulation in fiber-optic transmission systems? (Choose three.)
A. zero-chirped lasers
B. PIN photodiodes
C. dispersion compensating Bragg grating
D. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
E. dispersion compensating fiber
Answer: A,C,E QUESTION NO: 22


Click the Exhibit button. As shown in the exhibit, a customer has several interconnected core rings. They want to create several irtual rings?utilizing their STM-64 backbone (nodes 1, 2, 3, and 4). What do you recommend?

A. dual-ring interconnect with MS-SPRing rings
B. SNCP rings
C. MS-SPRing rings
D. 1:N protection on all core circuits
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 23
What is the difference between 1+1 and 1:1 protection switching?
A. 1+1 is based on APS, while 1:1 is based on IPS.
B. 1:1 is used in SNCP switching, while 1+1 is used in MS-SPRing switching.
C. 1+1 sends signals on Working and Protect paths, while 1:1 sends signals only on Working path.
D. 1+1 sends signals on Working path ONLY, while 1:1 sends signals on both Working and Protect paths.
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 24
Click the Exhibit button. Given the following parameters: transmitter output (min): -2 dBm receiver input (min): -28 dBm 15216 Mux and Demux loss: 4 5 dB 16 channels maximum In which sites

shown in the exhibit could the 15216 EDFAs be placed to minimize the number of EDFAs needed?

A. Locations B, C only
B. Locations A, B, C, D
C. Locations A, B, D only
D. Locations B, C, D only
E. Locations A, B, C only
Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 25
A VC-4-4c consists of _____.
A. four contiguous STM-4s
B. four contiguous VC-4s
C. an STM-16
D. two groupings of four VC-4s
E. any four VC-4s
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 26
Which two can be transported in one AU-4? (Choose two.)
A. 42 E1 and 2 E3
B. 64 E1
C. 21 E1 and 2 E3
D. 4 E4
E. 3 E3
Answer: C,E QUESTION NO: 27


What is an advantage of an externally modulated laser over a directly modulated laser?
A. easier to manufacture
B. higher optical signal-to-noise ratio
C. higher chirp
D. higher dispersion tolerance
E. lower cost
Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 28
What are two major differences between MS-SPRing and SNCP? (Choose two.)
A. In an MS-SPRing, all paths are protected.
B. There is no theoretical limit in the number of nodes in an SNCP ring.
C. MS-SPRing is always a high-order protection.
D. A low order circuit cannot be protected by an MS-SPRing.
Answer: B,C
QUESTION NO: 29
What is the correct relative switching priority in an MS-SPRing ring (higher to lower)?
A. protection lockout, manual switch, forced switch
B. signal degrade, signal fail, manual switch
C. signal fail, signal degrade, manual switch
D. protection lockout, manual switch, path AIS
E. forced switch, manual switch, signal degrade
Answer: C
QUESTION NO: 30 DRAG DROP
Click the Task button. Match the compatible concepts in SONET and SDH terminology.


Answer:



QUESTION NO: 31
Click the Exhibit button. When designing a DWDM system with multiple amplified spans, a pre-amp is needed at Site B to _____. (Choose three.)


A. ensure that the per channel power is higher than the minimum needed for the post-amp at Site B
B. offset the OADM loss at site B
C. amplify signal levels after the high loss through Fiber Span 1
D. overcome the high multiplexer loss at site A
E. adjust add channels at site B to be at the same level as thepassthrough channels
Answer: A,B,C
QUESTION NO: 32
What are two important considerations when using 2- or 4-channel 15216 OADMs? (Choose two.)
A. There is lower pass-through loss using multi-channel OADMs.
B. You can extract a single channel without dropping other channels.
C. All "Add" channels require uniform power levels.
D. The flexibility of wavelengths per OADM is limited.
E. It is easier to balance "Pass-Through" and "Add" channels.
Answer: C,D


QUESTION NO: 33
What is the difference between the transmitted power and the sensitivity of the receiver?
A. OSNR
B. attenuation
C. four wave mixing
D. amplifier spacing
E. dispersion
F. power budget

Answer: F


QUESTION NO: 34
Click the Exhibit button. What is the maximum allowable loss budget between the ONS 15216 Mux (left side) composite output and the ONS 15216 Demux (right side) composite input, with the optical values given in the exhibit? (Assume the worst case loss of 4.5 dB for 15216 200 GHz Mux/Demux and ignore power penalties or extra margin.)

A. 27 dB
B. 21 dB
C. 17 dB
D. 15 dB
E. 26 dB
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 35
SDH Code Violations (CVs) totals in the PM tables are actually an accumulation of the number of _____.
A. errors detected in a given SeverelyErrored Seconds (SES)
B. J0 errors detected in a in a specified interval
C. Bit Interleaved Parity (BIP) errors detected in a specified interval
D. errors detected in a givenErrored Seconds (ES)
E. errors the encryption algorithm detects in a specified interval
Answer: C QUESTION NO: 36


Which is a legitimate bandwidth matched pair?
A. DS-1; E1
B. DS-1; STM-1
C. OC-3; STM-1
D. STS-1; STM-1
E. OC-192; STM-192
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 37
What protocol enables Ethernet over SONET/SDH encapsulation interoperability between the G-series and ML-series Ethernet cards?
A. LEX
B. PPP/BCP
C. GFP-F
D. HDLC
Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 38
Which timing mode is most appropriate for an ONS 15454 that has lost its BITS-1 and optical references?
A. loop timing
B. external timing
C. line timing
D. internal timing
E. through timing
Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 39

In order to avoid misconnections due to a failed node in an MS-SPRing, Alarm Indication Signals (AISs) are sent on every channel normally terminating in that node. What is the name of this process?
A. switching
B. node failure insertion
C. bridging
D. nodal bypass
E. squelching
Answer: E


QUESTION NO: 40
What three in combination are factors that can cause four-wave mixing in fiber-optic cables? (Choose three.)
A. many optical channels
B. too much power differential in the optical channels
C. low optical power
D. low chromatic dispersion
E. high optical power
F. high chromatic dispersion
G. few optical channels
Answer: A,D,E

QUESTION NO: 41
How is a Thin Film filter fabricated?
A. The glass core is doped with an Erbium in periodic segments of the fiber.
B. Fiber is etched with an ultraviolet laser that is precisely spaced for specific wavelength filtering.
C. Layers of high index ?and low index ?material are deposited on a glass substrate.
D. Thin layers of silica glass are placed onto wafers to produce a prism-like effect.
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 42
Click the Exhibit button. Within an ONS 15454, you are provisioning a circuit on an unprotected SNCP ring. In the exhibit, which two must you configure? (Choose two.)


A. revertive
B. circuit size
C. bidirectional
D. circuit type
E. Switch on PDI-P
F. protected drops
Answer: B,D
QUESTION NO: 43
A customer has 2 E1s to add between far-end nodes in an SNCP ring. What type of circuit should you recommend?
A. HO-PATH circuits
B. LO-TUNNEL tunnel circuits
C. LO-PATH circuits
D. 1:1 protection circuits
E. 1:N protection circuits
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 44
What are two characteristics of dual-ring interconnect in SDH networks? (Choose two.)
A. It allows for traffic to be preempted when a ring switch occurs.
B. It protectspreemptible traffic from being dropped when a ring switch occurs.
C. It protects signals against node failures between rings.

D. Traffic can be dropped and continued at interconnecting nodes.
E. It protects signals against node failure within a single ring.
Answer: C,D
QUESTION NO: 45
Which timing mode is appropriate for an SDH NE that is adjacent to an SDH NE Bits-1 timing?
A. through timing
B. DUS
C. internal timing
D. loop timing
E. line timing

Answer: E


QUESTION NO: 46
The ML-series Ethernet card on the ONS 15454 provides up to _____ active Q-in-Q instances per card.
A. 512
B. 4096
C. 1024
D. 255
Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 47 DRAG DROP
Click the Task button. Place the steps for adding a new node to an existing MS-SPRing ring in the proper order.


Answer:


QUESTION NO: 48
How is SNCP and MS-SPRing traffic rerouted during a protection switch when a complete fiber cable cut occurs?
A. SNCP traffic is rerouted from the originating node in the ring. MS-SPRing traffic is rerouted from the originating node in the ring.
B. SNCP traffic is selected at the destination node in the ring.MS-SPRing is rerouted from the originating node in the ring.
C. SNCP traffic is switched from the first node thatrecieves the AIS. MS-SPRing traffic is rerouted from the first in the ring.
D. SNCP traffic is selected at the destination node in the ring. MS-SPRing traffic is rerouted from the last reachable node in the ring.
Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 49

What are three relevant design considerations when using the 15216 EDFA? (Choose three.)
A. four wave mixing
B. span attenuation
C. receiver sensitivity
D. Optical SNR
E. dispersion
Answer: B,C,D
QUESTION NO: 50
A customer has 20 E1s to add between far-end nodes in an SNCP ring. What type of circuit would you recommend?
A. HO-PATH circuits
B. 1:N protection circuits
C. LO-PATH circuits
D. LO-PATH tunnel circuits
E. 1:1 protection circuits
Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 51 DRAG DROP
Click the Task button. Match the component to its description.


Answer:



QUESTION NO: 52
What protection method is used in 4F MS-SPRing networks?
A. Two fibers carry their full capacities while the other two fibers are reserved for protection.
B. Each fiber has half of its capacity reserved for protection.
C. The signal is sent simultaneously in both directions around the ring. The receiver determines which fiber to listen to based on signal quality.
D. The signal is sent simultaneously in both directions around the ring. The transmitter determines which fiber has the working bit set for the receiver to acknowledge.
Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 53
The dispersion of a non-zero dispersion shifted fiber is 6 ps/nm*km at 1550 nm and 10 ps/nm*km at 1610 nm. What is the minimum dispersion compensation required if an L-Band DWDM signal travels through 200 km of fiber and has a dispersion tolerance of 1800 ps/nm?
A. none
B. -600ps/nm
C. +200ps/nm

D. -200ps/nm
E. +600ps/nm
Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 54
If the dispersion of a given fiber is 17ps/nm*km at 1550 nm and zero at 1310 nm, then what is the accumulated dispersion of an ITU wavelength after it travels 200 km?
A. More information is needed.
B. 0ps/nm
C. 340ps/nm
D. 3400ps/nm
E. 200ps/nm
Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 55 DRAG DROP
Click the Task button. Place the steps for removing a node from an existing MS-SPRing ring in the proper order.

Answer: QUESTION NO: 56



Click the Exhibit button. The exhibit shows a 15454/15216 DWDM system and alarm indications. What are two possible sources of trouble shown in the system? (Choose two.)

A. fiber failure between Sites A and D
B. EDFA failure at Site C (clockwise direction)
C. wavelengths 1 and 3 transmitter failures at Site A (clockwise direction)
D. OADM pass-through (West "OUT") failure at site D (clockwise)
E. EDFA failure at Site A (clockwise direction)
F. 15216 multiplexer at Site A (counter-clockwise direction)

Answer: A,E
QUESTION NO: 57
Given the formula: (Fiber Attenuation * Km) + (Splice Attenuation * # of Splices) + (Connector Attenuation * # of Connectors) + (Optical Fiber or OADM) + Buffer(Fiber aging)) With regard to SONET/SDH optical calculations, what will the given formula provide?
A. index of reflection
B. index of refraction
C. power post amplification budget
D. fiber loss
E. OSNR level
F. post amplification

Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 58
You are installing a Cisco ONS 15454 SDH in a service provider site. An E3 cable is being connected to a digital cross-connect system. What is the maximum distance allowed between the two?
A. 900 ft
B. 225 ft
C. 655 ft
D. 450 ft
Answer: D

QUESTION NO: 59
In SDH, what is the name of the embedded Data Communication Channel (DCC) in bytes D1-D3?
A. the DCC-E
B. the Section DCC
C. the Line DCC
D. the DCC-M
E. the DCC-R
Answer: E