QUESTION NO: 1
What is the phenomenon called where different wavelengths of light travel at different speeds?
A. OSNR
B. light skew
C. dispersion
D. attenuation

Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 2
A customer has 2 DS1s to add between adjacent nodes in a UPSR ring. What type of circuit should you recommend?
A. VT circuits
B. VT tunnel circuits
C. 1:1 protection circuits
D. 1:N protection circuits
E. STS circuits
Answer: A
QUESTION NO: 3 DRAG DROP
Drag Drop question

Answer: QUESTION NO: 4



What are three factors that limit the maximum distance of an amplified optical signal without regeneration? (Choose three.)
A. receiver dispersion tolerance
B. transmitter power
C. signal attenuation
D. amplifier bandwidth
E. fiber dispersion
Answer: A,C,E
QUESTION NO: 5
You are provisioning a DS-1 circuit on an ONS 15454 UPSR configuration and XC-10G card. How many total VT ports are used within the VT matrix at the source node?
A. 2
B. 4
C. 1
D. 0
E. 3


Answer: E


QUESTION NO: 6
In the OSNR model for EDFA amplifiers, SNR OUT = 1/(1/SNR IN + FhvB/P IN ), what does SNR IN represent?

A. the accumulated noise to signal ratio of the optical channel
B. the signal to noise of the previous amplifier or source
C. the signal to noise of the current optical amplifier
D. the signal to noise introduced by the optical multiplexer
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 7
Click the Exhibit button. Within an ONS 15454, you are provisioning a circuit on an unprotected UPSR ring. In the exhibit, which two must you configure? (Choose two.)

A. bidirectional
B. revertive
C. circuit size
D. circuit type
E. protected drops
F. switch on PDI-P
Answer: C,D
QUESTION NO: 8
How is UPSR and BLSR traffic rerouted during a protection switch when a complete fiber cable cut occurs?
A. UPSR traffic is switched from the terminating node, BLSR traffic is rerouted from the originating node in the ring.
B. Traffic is switched from the first node receiving the AIS indication.
C. UPSR traffic is switched from the terminating node, circuit by circuit. BLSR traffic is rerouted from the last reachable node in the ring.

D. Traffic is switched from the far side of the failure, allowing handshaking to occur.

Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 9
UPSR protection switching is initiated by _____, while BLSR is initiated by _____.
A. Line Overhead bytes; Path Overhead bytes
B. the K1 SONET byte; the K2 SONET byte
C. the K2 SONET byte; the K1 SONET byte
D. transmitter switching; receiver detection
E. Path Overhead bytes; Line Overhead bytes
Answer: E


QUESTION NO: 10
Which three technologies are used to reduce chromatic dispersion accumulation in fiber-optic transmission systems? (Choose three.)
A. dispersion compensating fiber
B. zero-chirped lasers
C. PIN photodiodes
D. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
E. dispersion compensating Bragg grating
Answer: A,B,E
QUESTION NO: 11
Given the formula: (Fiber Attenuation * Km) + (Splice Attenuation * # of Splices) + (Connector Attenuation * # of Connectors) + (Optical Fiber or OADM) + Buffer(Fiber aging)) With regard to SONET/SDH optical calculations, what will the given formula provide?
A. power post amplification budget
B. fiber loss
C. OSNR level
D. index of refraction
E. post amplification
F. index of reflection


Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 12
What are two important considerations when using 2- or 4-channel 15216 OADMs? (Choose two.)
A. The flexibility of wavelengths per OADM is limited.
B. It is easier to balance "Pass-Through" and "Add" channels.
C. You can extract a single channel without dropping other channels.
D. There is lower pass-through loss using multi-channel OADMs.
E. All "Add" channels require uniform power levels.
Answer: A,E
QUESTION NO: 13
With R4.0, how many total DCC tunnel connections can each ONS 15454 support using the TCC+ card?
A. 84
B. 10
C. 96
D. 64
E. 32
Answer: E



QUESTION NO: 14
Which three timing modes are supported on the ONS 15454 shelf? (Choose three.)
A. internal timing
B. through timing
C. loop timing
D. line timing
E. external timing
Answer: A,D,E
QUESTION NO: 15

What are three relevant design considerations when using the 15216 EDFA? (Choose three.)
A. receiver sensitivity
B. dispersion
C. Optical SNR
D. span attenuation
E. four wave mixing
Answer: A,C,D
QUESTION NO: 16
A customer wants to create a 1:1 protection group with a DS3N-12 card. Which card slots would allow for a 1:1 protection?
A. Slots 5 or 13 only
B. Slot 16 and Slot 17
C. Slot 4 and Slot 6
D. Slot 2 and Slot 4

Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 17
If node 2 is accepting line timing from node 1, node 2 will send _____ to node 1 as its SSM message.
A. ESF
B. SMC
C. PRS
D. B8ZS
E. DUS
Answer: E


QUESTION NO: 18
Click the Exhibit button. When designing a DWDM system with multiple amplified spans, a pre-amp is needed at Site B to _____. (Choose three.)


A. amplify signal levels after the high loss through Fiber Span 1
B. offset the OADM loss at site B
C. ensure that the per channel power is higher than the minimum needed for the post-amp at Site B
D. adjust add channels at site B to be at the same level as thepassthrough channels
E. overcome the high multiplexer loss at site A
Answer: A,B,C
QUESTION NO: 19
Why are the 1300 nm and 1550 nm regions of the fiber spectrum primarily used for optical communications?
A. They are both regions of lowest loss.
B. They are both regions of low Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD).
C. They are both regions of low index of refraction.
D. They are both regions of low chromatic dispersion.
E. They are both regions of low reflections.

Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 20
The ML-series Ethernet card on the ONS 15454 provides up to _____ active Q-in-Q instances per card.
A. 255
B. 1024
C. 512
D. 4096


Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 21
You are provisioning a DS-1 circuit on an ONS 15454 2F-BLSR with a XC-10G card. Each VT1.5 connection must also terminate via the STS matrix. On the originating circuit node, how many STS ports are now available for VT1.5 circuits?
A. 24
B. 22
C. 3
D. 2
E. 20
F. 4
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 22
What are two characteristics of dual-ring interconnect in SONET networks? (Choose two.)
A. It protects signals against node failures between rings.
B. It allows for traffic to be preempted when a ring switch occurs.
C. It protects signals against node failure within a single ring.
D. It protectspreemptible traffic from being dropped when a ring switch occurs.
E. Traffic can be dropped and continued at interconnecting nodes.
Answer: A,E

QUESTION NO: 23
How is a Thin Film filter fabricated?
A. Fiber is etched with an ultraviolet laser that is precisely spaced for specific wavelength filtering.
B. The glass core is doped with an Erbium in periodic segments of the fiber.
C. Thin layers of silica glass are placed onto wafers to produce a prism-like effect.
D. Layers of high index ?and low index ?material are deposited on a glass substrate.
Answer: D QUESTION NO: 24


Why is an OC-3 2F-BLSR not feasible?
A. DCC bandwidth is not large enough to handle K1/K2 processing.
B. There is not enough bandwidth in an OC-3 ring to justify BLSR protection.
C. An equal amount of working and protect bandwidth is required.
D. Switch times would exceed 50 ms for an OC-3 BLSR ring.
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 25
Which timing mode is most appropriate for an ONS 15454 that has lost its BITS-1 and optical references?
A. line timing
B. loop timing
C. internal timing
D. through timing
E. external timing
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 26
Click the Exhibit button. Given the following parameters: transmitter output (min): -2 dBm receiver input (min): -28 dBm 15216 Mux and Demux loss: 4.5 dB 16 channels maximum In which sites shown in the exhibit could the 15216 EDFAs be placed to minimize the number of EDFAs needed?

A. Locations A, B, C, D
B. Locations B, C only

C. Locations A, B, C only
D. Locations B, C, D only
E. Locations A, B, D only
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 27 DRAG DROP
Drag Drop question

Answer:


QUESTION NO: 28
For lasers with tightly controlled wavelengths, approximately how far apart are the centers of adjacent wavelengths when 100 GHz spacing is used in a DWDM system?
A. 1.2 nanometers
B. 0.6 nanometers
C. 1.6 nanometers
D. 0.8 nanometers
E. 0.4 nanometers

Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 29
Click the Exhibit button. Which type of protection is shown in the exhibit?

A. 1+0
B. 1:1
C. 1+1
D. 1:N
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 30
The ONS 15216 is a 32-channel system. The ONS 15216 OADMs are capable of adding and dropping one, two, or four channels. How are the OADMs provisioned to add and drop specific channels?
A. The ONS 15216 OADM consists only of a single-channel module. Two-channel and four-channel support is available by stacking the single-channel module.
B. The ONS 15216 OADM is available in one, two, four channels. There are 32 single-channel OADM modules, 16 two-channel OADM modules, and 8 four-channel OADM modules.
C. The ONS 15216 OADM consists only of a four-channel module, and the number of ports utilized determines whether it is a one, two, or four channel OADM.
D. Three separate OADM modules are available for one, two, and four channels. The wavelengths to be dropped and added are programmable via Cisco Transport Manager (CTM).

E. The ONS 15216 OADM can be provisioned to add/drop one, two, or four channels via Cisco Transport Manager (CTM).
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 31 DRAG DROP
Drag Drop question

Answer: QUESTION NO: 32



Which device creates an OEO conversion?
A. optical receiver
B. amplifier
C. light emitter
D. attenuator
E. fiber-optic cable
F. regenerator
G. optical switch
Answer: F


QUESTION NO: 33
What three in combination are factors that can cause four-wave mixing in fiber-optic cables? (Choose three.)
A. high chromatic dispersion
B. many optical channels
C. high optical power
D. low optical power

E. few optical channels
F. too much power differential in the optical channels
G. low chromatic dispersion
Answer: B,C,G
QUESTION NO: 34
Which is a legitimate bandwidth matched pair?
A. OC-3; STM-1
B. STS-1; STM-1
C. DS-1; E1
D. OC-192; STM-192
E. DS-1; STM-1


Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 35
You are installing a Cisco ONS 15454 in a service provider site. A DS3 cable is to be connected to a digital cross-connect system. What is the maximum distance allowed between the two?
A. 450 ft
B. 225 ft
C. 655 ft
D. 900 ft
Answer: A

QUESTION NO: 36
What is an advantage of an externally modulated laser over a directly modulated laser?
A. higher chirp
B. easier to manufacture
C. higher dispersion tolerance
D. lower cost
E. higher optical signal-to-noise ratio
Answer: C QUESTION NO: 37


What protocol enables Ethernet over SONET/SDH encapsulation interoperability between the G-series and ML-series Ethernet cards?
A. HDLC
B. PPP/BCP
C. GFP-F
D. LEX
Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 38
SONET Code Violations (CVs) totals in the PM tables are actually an accumulation of the number of _____.
A. errors the encryption algorithm detects in a specified interval
B. Bit Interleaved Parity (BIP) errors detected in a specified interval
C. errors detected in a given SeverelyErrored Second (SES)
D. J0 errors detected in a specified interval
E. errors detected in a givenErrored Second (ES)
Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 39
A 2.5 Gb/s (OC-48 or STM-16) optical signal with a dispersion tolerance of 1200 ps/nm goes through fiber with 18ps/nm*km of dispersion. How many 15216-DCU-350 equivalents are needed for enough compensation after traveling 100 km?
A. two
B. one
C. three
D. four
E. none
Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 40 DRAG DROP
Drag Drop question

Answer:


QUESTION NO: 41
Scrambling of SONET signals is done to _____.
A. assure an even distribution of 1's and 0's for extended transmitter life
B. provide the optical network with the highest level of security possible
C. prevent the leakage of external fiber emissions D. assure an adequate number of transitions for clock recovery at the receiver

E. prevent the receiver from assuming AIS inadvertently when all 0's are received
Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 42
What is the difference between the transmitted power and the sensitivity of the receiver?
A. power budget
B. OSNR
C. amplifier spacing
D. dispersion
E. attenuation
F. four wave mixing

Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 43
Click the Exhibit button. A customer has several interconnected core rings (see exhibit). They want to create several irtual rings?utilizing their OC-192 backbone (nodes 1,2,3,4). What should you recommend?

A. PPMN with UPSR rings
B. 1:N protection on all core circuits
C. PPMN with BLSR rings D. multi-ring interconnect with BLSR rings

Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 44
In order to avoid misconnections due to a failed node in a Bidirectional Line Switched Ring (BLSR), Alarm Indication Signals (AISs) are sent on every channel normally terminating in that node. What is the name of this process?
A. squelching
B. nodal bypass
C. trunking
D. bridge and roll
E. node failure insertion
Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 45
What is the correct relative switching priority in a BLSR ring (higher to lower)?
A. signal degrade, signal fail, manual switch
B. protection lockout, manual switch, path AIS
C. signal fail, signal degrade, manual switch
D. forced switch, manual switch, signal degrade
E. protection lockout, manual switch, forced switch
Answer: C

QUESTION NO: 46
On an ONS 15454 node you can tunnel a(n) _____.
A. SONET circuit over an SDH network delivering it as a SONET signal
B. SDH circuit over a SONET network delivering it as a SONET signal
C. SONET circuit over an SDH network delivering it as an SDH signal
D. SDH circuit over a SONET network delivering it as an SDH signal
Answer: D QUESTION NO: 47


Click the Exhibit button. Given the information shown in the exhibit, when creating 2 DS1 circuits, how many STS ports are used on the VT1.5 matrix at Node 1 as VT circuits and how many are used after using VT tunnels?

A. 2; 0
B. 4; 0
C. 3; 2
D. 6; 0
E. 3, 5
F. 6; 2
Answer: E


QUESTION NO: 48
Click the Exhibit button. In the DCN connection shown in the exhibit, all non-GNE nodes are located on different subnets from the GNE. There are no static routes or external OSPF on any elements. CTC Workstation and GNE have Cisco Router as their default gateway. Can the CTC workstation see the entire SONET network?


A. Yes, but only if the router's address is entered as a static route in the non-GNE elements.
B. Yes, because the GNE will serve as a proxy-ARP for all elements, regardless of their subnets.
C. Yes, but only if OSPF is enabled around the ring.
D. Yes, because the GNE will only serve as a proxy-ARP for elements on the same subnet.
Answer: C


QUESTION NO: 49
Click the Exhibit button. The exhibit shows a 15454/15216 DWDM system and alarm indications. What are two possible sources of trouble shown in the system? (Choose two.)


A. OADM pass-through (West "OUT") failure at site D (clockwise)
B. wavelengths 1 and 3 transmitter failures at Site A (clockwise direction)
C. EDFA failure at Site C (clockwise direction)
D. EDFA failure at Site A (clockwise direction)
E. 15216 multiplexer at Site A (counter-clockwise direction)
F. fiber failure between Sites A and D
Answer: D,F
QUESTION NO: 50
If the power is 0 dBm, what is the power in mW?
A. 0mW
B. 1.5mW
C. 10mW
D. 1mW
Answer: D
QUESTION NO: 51

Click the Exhibit button. Which type of multiplexer is shown in the exhibit?

A. Erbium fiber amplifier
B. Arrayed Wave Guide
C. Fiber Bragg Grating
D. Thin Film filter

Answer: B


QUESTION NO: 52
If the dispersion of a given fiber is 17ps/nm*km at 1550 nm and zero at 1310 nm, then what is the accumulated dispersion of an ITU wavelength after it travels 200 km?
A. 0ps/nm
B. 340ps/nm
C. 200ps/nm
D. 3400ps/nm
E. More information is needed.
Answer: D


QUESTION NO: 53
The dispersion of a non-zero dispersion shifted fiber is 6 ps/nm*km at 1550 nm and 10 ps/nm*km at 1610 nm. What is the minimum dispersion compensation required if an L-Band DWDM signal travels through 200 km of fiber and has a dispersion tolerance of 1800 ps/nm?
A. -200ps/nm
B. +600ps/nm

C. none
D. -600ps/nm
E. +200ps/nm
Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 54
Click the Exhibit button. What is the maximum allowable loss budget between the ONS 15216 Mux (left side) composite output and the ONS 15216 Demux (right side) composite input, with the optical values given in the exhibit? (Assume the worst case loss of 4.5 dB for 15216 200 GHz Mux/Demux and ignore power penalties or extra margin.)

A. 15 dB
B. 26 dB
C. 27 dB
D. 21 dB
E. 17 dB
Answer: E


QUESTION NO: 55
Which timing mode is appropriate for a SONET NE that is adjacent to a SONET NE using BITS-1 timing source?
A. line timing
B. internal timing
C. DUS

D. through timing
E. loop timing

Answer: A


QUESTION NO: 56
What protection method is used in 4F BLSR networks?
A. The signal is sent simultaneously in both directions around the ring. The receiver determines which fiber to listen to based on signal quality.
B. Two fibers in the span carry working traffic, while the other two fibers in the span are reserved for protection.
C. The signal is sent simultaneously in both directions around the ring. The transmitter determines which fiber has the working bit set for the receiver to acknowledge.
D. Each fiber has half of its SONET capacity reserved for protection.
Answer: B
QUESTION NO: 57 DRAG DROP
Drag Drop question

Answer: QUESTION NO: 58



SONET Path Terminating Equipment (PTE) requires which three line codes to be supported for DS1 and DS3 circuits? (Choose three.)
A. B3ZS
B. ESF
C. AMI
D. B8ZS
E. SSM
F. DUS
Answer: A,C,D

QUESTION NO: 59
A Channel ID mismatch occurs when _____.
A. the channel number in the received K2 byte is not identical to the channel number transmitted in the K1 byte
B. the channel number in the received K1 byte is not identical to the channel number transmitted in the K2 byte
C. fibers are terminated incorrectly on a node
D. the channel number in the received C2 byte is not identical to the channel number transmitted in the C1 byte

E. the channel number in the received C1 byte is not identical to the channel number transmitted in the C2 byte
Answer: A